See heste on Wiktionary
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "c"
},
"expansion": "heste c",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "hest"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indefinite plural of hest"
],
"id": "en-heste-da-noun-FFcYyFmU",
"links": [
[
"hest",
"hest#Danish"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"form-of",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "heste"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "hest"
},
{
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "heist"
},
{
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "hest"
},
{
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "heste"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "heste"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"hǣs",
"hæs#Old_English"
],
[
"*haisi",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/haisi"
],
[
"*haisiz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/haisiz"
],
[
"-the",
"-the#Middle_English"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "directive"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hǣs"
},
"expansion": "Old English hǣs",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*haisi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *haisi",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*haisiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *haisiz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English hǣs, from Proto-West Germanic *haisi, from Proto-Germanic *haisiz. The final vowel is generalised from the Old English oblique forms, while forms with final /t/ are influenced by the suffix -the.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hestes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hesten",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "este",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "has",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "hees",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "heest",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "heeste",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "hes",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "hese",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "heaste",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "hæse",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"var": ""
},
"expansion": "heste",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl2": "hesten"
},
"expansion": "heste (plural hestes or hesten)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "biheste"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 24 8 11 16 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A directive, command or order."
],
"id": "en-heste-enm-noun-xGNySoe2",
"links": [
[
"directive",
"directive"
],
[
"command",
"command"
],
[
"order",
"order"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 24 8 11 16 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A rule; a formal, long-term order."
],
"id": "en-heste-enm-noun-rsugv3I~",
"links": [
[
"rule",
"rule"
],
[
"formal",
"formal"
],
[
"long-term",
"long-term"
],
[
"order",
"order"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The power to command; control, jurisdiction."
],
"id": "en-heste-enm-noun-4RjgMNwD",
"links": [
[
"power",
"power"
],
[
"command",
"command"
],
[
"control",
"control"
],
[
"jurisdiction",
"jurisdiction"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 24 8 11 16 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A pact or agreement; that which is agreed upon."
],
"id": "en-heste-enm-noun-VBf9A5uw",
"links": [
[
"pact",
"pact"
],
[
"agreement",
"agreement"
],
[
"agree",
"agree"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 24 8 11 16 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A prophetic prediction."
],
"id": "en-heste-enm-noun-hQfb9ej5",
"links": [
[
"prophetic",
"prophetic"
],
[
"prediction",
"prediction"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A prophetic prediction."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈhɛst(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈhɛːst(ə)/"
}
],
"word": "heste"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"hǣst",
"hæst#Old_English"
],
[
"*haifsti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/haifsti"
],
[
"*haifstiz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/haifstiz"
],
[
"haste",
"haste#Middle_English"
]
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "rage"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hǣst"
},
"expansion": "Old English hǣst",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*haifsti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *haifsti",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*haifstiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *haifstiz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English hǣst, from Proto-West Germanic *haifsti, from Proto-Germanic *haifstiz; the final vowel is generalised from the Old English oblique forms. Doublet of haste.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"var": ""
},
"expansion": "heste",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "heste (uncountable)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English hapax legomena",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "24 24 8 11 16 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 12 11 21 12 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 13 12 21 12 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 9 8 10 55",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
20,
25
]
],
"ref": "c. 1450, anonymous author, Gest Hystoriale of the Destruction of Troy:",
"text": "Hoppit on hegh with heste of the fflodes.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"power, rage"
],
"id": "en-heste-enm-noun-kSq5t910",
"links": [
[
"power",
"power"
],
[
"rage",
"rage"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(hapax legomenon) power, rage"
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈhɛːst(ə)/"
}
],
"word": "heste"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"heste",
"heste#Middle_English"
],
[
"hes",
"hes#Middle_English"
],
[
"hǣs",
"hæs#Old_English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "enm",
"3": "heste"
},
"expansion": "Middle English heste",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hǣs"
},
"expansion": "Old English hǣs",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English heste, variant of hes, from Old English hǣs.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "heste",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Yola entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"behest, command, will"
],
"id": "en-heste-yol-noun-vAnsjQxK",
"links": [
[
"behest",
"behest"
],
[
"command",
"command"
],
[
"will",
"will"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/hɛst/"
}
],
"word": "heste"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "c"
},
"expansion": "heste c",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"Danish non-lemma forms",
"Danish noun forms",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "hest"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indefinite plural of hest"
],
"links": [
[
"hest",
"hest#Danish"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"form-of",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "heste"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English uncountable nouns",
"Middle English weak nouns",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Emotions"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "hest"
},
{
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "heist"
},
{
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "hest"
},
{
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "heste"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "heste"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"hǣs",
"hæs#Old_English"
],
[
"*haisi",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/haisi"
],
[
"*haisiz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/haisiz"
],
[
"-the",
"-the#Middle_English"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "directive"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hǣs"
},
"expansion": "Old English hǣs",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*haisi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *haisi",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*haisiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *haisiz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English hǣs, from Proto-West Germanic *haisi, from Proto-Germanic *haisiz. The final vowel is generalised from the Old English oblique forms, while forms with final /t/ are influenced by the suffix -the.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hestes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hesten",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "este",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "has",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "hees",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "heest",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "heeste",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "hes",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "hese",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "heaste",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "hæse",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"var": ""
},
"expansion": "heste",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl2": "hesten"
},
"expansion": "heste (plural hestes or hesten)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "biheste"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A directive, command or order."
],
"links": [
[
"directive",
"directive"
],
[
"command",
"command"
],
[
"order",
"order"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A rule; a formal, long-term order."
],
"links": [
[
"rule",
"rule"
],
[
"formal",
"formal"
],
[
"long-term",
"long-term"
],
[
"order",
"order"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The power to command; control, jurisdiction."
],
"links": [
[
"power",
"power"
],
[
"command",
"command"
],
[
"control",
"control"
],
[
"jurisdiction",
"jurisdiction"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A pact or agreement; that which is agreed upon."
],
"links": [
[
"pact",
"pact"
],
[
"agreement",
"agreement"
],
[
"agree",
"agree"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A prophetic prediction."
],
"links": [
[
"prophetic",
"prophetic"
],
[
"prediction",
"prediction"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A prophetic prediction."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈhɛst(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈhɛːst(ə)/"
}
],
"word": "heste"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English uncountable nouns",
"Middle English weak nouns",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Emotions"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"hǣst",
"hæst#Old_English"
],
[
"*haifsti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/haifsti"
],
[
"*haifstiz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/haifstiz"
],
[
"haste",
"haste#Middle_English"
]
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "rage"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hǣst"
},
"expansion": "Old English hǣst",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*haifsti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *haifsti",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*haifstiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *haifstiz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English hǣst, from Proto-West Germanic *haifsti, from Proto-Germanic *haifstiz; the final vowel is generalised from the Old English oblique forms. Doublet of haste.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"var": ""
},
"expansion": "heste",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "heste (uncountable)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English hapax legomena",
"Middle English terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Middle English quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
20,
25
]
],
"ref": "c. 1450, anonymous author, Gest Hystoriale of the Destruction of Troy:",
"text": "Hoppit on hegh with heste of the fflodes.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"power, rage"
],
"links": [
[
"power",
"power"
],
[
"rage",
"rage"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(hapax legomenon) power, rage"
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈhɛːst(ə)/"
}
],
"word": "heste"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"heste",
"heste#Middle_English"
],
[
"hes",
"hes#Middle_English"
],
[
"hǣs",
"hæs#Old_English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "enm",
"3": "heste"
},
"expansion": "Middle English heste",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hǣs"
},
"expansion": "Old English hǣs",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English heste, variant of hes, from Old English hǣs.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "heste",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Yola entries with incorrect language header",
"Yola lemmas",
"Yola nouns",
"Yola terms derived from Middle English",
"Yola terms derived from Old English",
"Yola terms inherited from Middle English",
"Yola terms inherited from Old English"
],
"glosses": [
"behest, command, will"
],
"links": [
[
"behest",
"behest"
],
[
"command",
"command"
],
[
"will",
"will"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/hɛst/"
}
],
"word": "heste"
}
Download raw JSONL data for heste meaning in All languages combined (7.3kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: hapax legomenon",
"path": [
"heste"
],
"section": "Middle English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "heste",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: hapax legomenon",
"path": [
"heste"
],
"section": "Middle English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "heste",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.